Bibliography - T. L. Frölicher

1. Frölicher, T. L., F. Joos, and C.C. Raible, 2011: Sensitivity of atmospheric CO₂ and climate to explosive volcanic eruptions. Biogeosciences, European Geosciences Union, 8, doi:10.5194/bg-8-2317-2011 2317-2339
   [ Abstract ]

   Impacts of low-latitude, explosive volcanic eruptions on climate and the carbon cycle are quantified by forcing a comprehensive, fully coupled carbon cycle-climate model with pulse-like stratospheric aerosol optical depth changes. The model represents the radiative and dynamical response of the climate system to volcanic eruptions and simulates a decrease of global and regional atmospheric surface temperature, regionally distinct changes in precipitation, a positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation, and a decrease in atmospheric CO₂ after volcanic eruptions. The volcanic-induced cooling reduces overturning rates in tropical soils, which dominates over reduced litter input due to soil moisture decrease, resulting in higher land carbon inventories for several decades. The perturbation in the ocean carbon inventory changes sign from an initial weak carbon sink to a carbon source. Positive carbon and negative temperature anomalies in subsurface waters last up to several decades. The multi-decadal decrease in atmospheric CO₂ yields a small additional radiative forcing that amplifies the cooling and perturbs the Earth System on longer time scales than the atmospheric residence time of volcanic aerosols. In addition, century-scale global warming simulations with and without volcanic eruptions over the historical period show that the ocean integrates volcanic radiative cooling and responds for different physical and biogeochemical parameters such as steric sea level or dissolved oxygen. Results from a suite of sensitivity simulations with different magnitudes of stratospheric aerosol optical depth changes and from global warming simulations show that the carbon cycle-climate sensitivity γ , expressed as change in atmospheric CO₂ per unit change in global mean surface temperature, depends on the magnitude and temporal evolution of the perturbation, and time scale of interest. On decadal time scales, modeled γ is several times larger for a Pinatubo-like eruption than for the industrial period and for a high emission, 21st century scenario.

2. Joos, F., T. L. Frölicher, Marco Steinacher, and G.-K. Plattner, 2011: Impact of climate change mitigation on ocean acidification projections. Ocean Acidification, Oxford University Press, Chapter 14, 272-290
3. Roy, Tilla, L. Bopp, Marion Gehlen, Birgit Schneider, Patricia Cadule, T. L. Frölicher, Joachim Segschneider, Jerry Tjiputra, Christoph Heinze, and F. Joos, 2011: Regional Impacts of Climate Change and Atmospheric CO₂ on Future Ocean Carbon Uptake: A Multimodel Linear Feedback Analysis. Journal of Climate, 24, doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3787.1 2300-2318
   [ Abstract ]

   The increase in atmospheric CO₂ over this century depends on the evolution of the oceanic air-sea CO₂ uptake, which will be driven by the combined response to rising atmospheric CO₂ itself and climate change. Here, the future oceanic CO₂ uptake is simulated using an ensemble of coupled climate-carbon cycle models. The models are driven by CO₂ emissions from historical data and the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A2 high-emission scenario. A linear feedback analysis successfully separates the regional future (2010-2100) oceanic CO₂ uptake into a CO₂-induced component, due to rising atmospheric CO₂ concentrations, and a climate-induced component, due to global warming. The models capture the observationbased magnitude and distribution of anthropogenic CO₂ uptake. The distributions of the climate-induced component are broadly consistent between the models, with reduced CO₂ uptake in the subpolar Southern Ocean and the equatorial regions, owing to decreased CO₂ solubility; and reduced CO₂ uptake in the midlatitudes, owing to decreased CO₂ solubility and increased vertical stratification. The magnitude of the climate-induced component is sensitive to local warming in the southern extratropics, to large freshwater fluxes in the extratropical North Atlantic Ocean, and to small changes in the CO₂ solubility in the equatorial regions. In key anthropogenic CO₂ uptake regions, the climate-induced component offsets the CO₂- induced component at a constant proportion up until the end of this century. This amounts to approximately 50% in the northern extratropics and 25% in the southern extratropics and equatorial regions. Consequently, the detection of climate change impacts on anthropogenic CO₂ uptake may be difficult without monitoring additional tracers, such as oxygen.

Direct link to page: http://cmi.princeton.edu/bibliography/results.php?author=4743